![]() ![]() falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1), encoded by the var gene family and expressed on the surfaces of infected erythrocytes, mediates binding to host endothelial receptors and is an important target for protective immunity ( 1, 7, 9, 13, 31, 34). Infected erythrocytes also form rosettes with uninfected erythrocytes ( 27) or form larger groups involving platelets, called clumps ( 25). This process of sequestration is thought to be an immune evasion strategy to avoid splenic clearance ( 2, 8, 14). The particular virulence of Plasmodium falciparum is linked to the cytoadhesion properties of infected erythrocytes in deep vascular beds leading to multiple complications and symptoms ( 19). These results suggest that substantial and systematic differences in var gene expression exist between different clinical presentations. A transcript abundance pattern similar to that for var group A was observed for var2csa and var3-like genes. The var group C and var1-like transcript abundances were similar between the three sample groups. In general, the transcript abundances of var group A and B genes were higher for children with clinical malaria than for children with asymptomatic infections. Transcripts of var group A and B genes were more abundant in patients with severe malaria than in patients with uncomplicated malaria. Using real-time quantitative PCR in a study conducted in Tanzania, the var transcript abundances of the different var gene groups were compared among patients with severe, uncomplicated, and asymptomatic malaria. var genes can be grouped into three major groups, A, B, and C, and the conserved var genes, var1-4, according to sequence similarities in coding and noncoding upstream regions. falciparum infection because it mediates cytoadherence to host cell endothelial receptors. ![]() ![]() PfEMP1 is considered an important pathogenicity factor in P. The var gene family of Plasmodium falciparum encodes the variant surface antigen Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1). ![]()
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